Cravingfor Journal
Understanding Different Types of Pearls: Natural, Freshwater, Akoya, Baroque, and Imitation Pearls
Pearls have captivated jewellery lovers for centuries, but not all pearls are the same. Origin, cultivation and shape describe different aspects of a pearl. Here is a guide to the differences.
Natural pearls
Natural pearls form without human intervention. They are extremely rare and can be highly valuable. Their shapes and lustre vary. A natural pearl is not the same as a cultured pearl: cultured pearls also form in a living mollusc, but their growth is initiated by people.
Freshwater pearls
Freshwater pearls used in jewellery are commonly cultured in lakes and rivers, primarily in China. They come in a wide range of shapes, sizes and colours, including white, pink and lavender. They are often more accessible in price than saltwater pearls. Lustre and quality vary from pearl to pearl.
Akoya pearls
Akoya pearls are cultured saltwater pearls, associated particularly with Japan and China. They are known for their round shapes and bright lustre, making them a classic choice for necklaces and stud earrings. White and cream pearls may have rose or silver overtones.
Baroque pearls
Baroque describes an irregular, non-spherical shape, not a separate origin or cultivation method. Baroque pearls can be freshwater or saltwater. Their individual shapes give each piece of jewellery a distinctive character.
Imitation pearls
Imitation pearls are manufactured from materials such as glass, plastic or shell and given a pearlescent coating. They are not natural or cultured pearls. Appearance alone is not a reliable way to establish a pearl's origin.
How to identify a pearl
Ask for a clear description of the pearl's origin and whether it is natural, cultured or imitation. For a valuable pearl, seek a qualified gemmologist's assessment. Do not bite pearls or rub them together: this can damage the surface and does not provide a definitive identification.
